When to Start CPR

• —If someone is unresponsive and has abnormal or no breathing, yell for help and check for a pulse
• —If you cannot clearly feel a pulse within 10 seconds…

Begin compressions!

CAB is key

High Quality CPR – Chest Compressions

• —Hand Placement:

1. Adult or child – Two hands on lower half of sternum
2. Infants (1 rescuer) – Two fingers in center of the chest
3. Infants (>1 rescuer) – Two thumbs encircling chest

• —Compression Depth:

1. Adult – Between 2 and 2.4 inches (5-6 cm)
2. Children – About 2 inches (5 cm)
3. Infants – About 1.5 inches (4 cm)

• —Compression Rate:

1. Between 100 and 120 compressions/minute

High Quality CPR – Chest Compressions

• —Allow complete chest recoil between compressions
• —Do not lean on the chest between compressions
• —Limit interruptions to chest compressions
• —Switch providers

1. after two minutes OR
2. if compressions are not high quality

High Quality CPR – Ventilations

• —Compression-to-ventilation ratio:

1. Adults – 30:2 ratio
2. Children and infants (1 rescuer)  – 30:2 ratio
3. Children and infants (>1 rescuer)  – 15:2 ratio

• —If advanced airway in place:

1. One ventilation every six seconds

1. —Give ventilation over one second
2. —Avoid excessive ventilation